This interactive website is a tool to help explore how much naloxone (Narcan) a state may need to save lives, either by averting the maximum number of deaths or by boosting the chances that naloxone will be on hand in a witnessed overdose. The information was calculated by a mathematical model, so these numbers are estimates generated by the best available data at the time.

Naloxone need per year varies by geography and the type of epidemic that a place is experiencing. How a state chooses to provide naloxone (through community programmes, initiated in a pharmacy, or prescribed by a provider) in a community affects how much naloxone is needed. Select a state to get started.

Note, the data and model projections are based on 2017 data. The epidemic classification for a given state may have since changed, for instance, shifting to a fentanyl epidemic.

Suggested citation: MA Irvine, D Oller, J Boggis, B Bishop, D Coombs, E Wheeler, M Doe-Simkins, AY Walley, BDL Marshall, J Bratberg, TC Green. Estimating Naloxone Need in the United States Across Fentanyl, Heroin, and Prescription Opioid Epidemics: A Modelling Study Lancet Public Health, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00304-2

The plots for each naloxone source vary that source, with the other sources kept constant at their current (2017) level. Most states distribute more community-based kits than prescriber-based kits. So in the prescriber-based plot, many states already have a high probability of naloxone use in a witnessed overdose due to their existing community-based naloxone kit distribution efforts.